Теология Гегеля и посттеология Шеллинга: начало и конец диалектического метода как политико-теологической парадигмы
Ключевые слова:
Шеллинг, Гегель, политическая теология, философия откровения, позитивная философия, диалектика, вера, постметафизическое мышление, посттеология, постполитика
Аннотация
В статье рассматривается поздняя философия Шеллинга (философия откровения, или позитивная философия), предполагающая способы преодоления метафизической установки, как альтернатива более распространенному среди мыслителей гегелевскому диалектическому методу. Автор исходит из того, что метафизика и теология — родственные дисциплины, которые сущностно связаны с религией и политикой. Утверждается, что философия всегда так или иначе связана с политической теологией как явлением, обозначающим практику, выстроенную в соответствии с религиозными или метафизическими представлениями. Таким образом, метафизика и теология являют собой не просто концепции устройства мира, но и практики властного утверждения этих концепций. В статье на основе современных работ, посвященных проблемам политической теологии в гегелевской философии, предполагается, что диалектика является онтотеологическим методом, имеющим кольцевую логику и ведущим к легитимации государства, его репрезентативного принципа и сохранению политической теологии. А понятия откровения, безосновности, непредмыслимого бытия, творческой свободы, веры и христианского братства Шеллинга, в свою очередь, могут послужить основанием для альтернативного проекта постметафизического, посттеологического и постполитического мышления. Современные исследования, посвященные политической теологии в философии Шеллинга, позволяют определить особенности неполитической и внеисторической формы общности, а также наметить возможные характеристики шеллингианской политической стратегии (такие как социальный антагонизм, несогласие, параллаксное видение), которая резонировала бы с идеей постполитического христианского братства Шеллинга.
Литература
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Caputo, John D. (2013). The insistence of god: a theology of perhaps. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Corriero, Emilio Carlo (2021). The absolute and the event: Schelling after Heidegger. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Das, Saitya Brata Das (2016). Political Theology of Schelling. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Descombes, Vincent (1998). Modern French Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dews, Peter (2023). Schelling’s Late Philosophy in Confrontation with Hegel. New York: Oxford University Press.
Dorrien, Gary (2020). In a post-Hegelian spirit: philosophical theology as idealistic discontent. Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press.
Ehrhardt, Walter E. (1989). Schelling Leonbergensis Und Maximilian II. Von Bayern: Lehrstunden Der Philosophie. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog.
Faust, Michael (2013). Hegel: The Man Who Would Be God. Lulu Press.
Gabriel, Marcus (2011). Transcendental Ontology. New York: A&C Black.
Gabriel, Marcus, Žižek, Slavoj (2009). Mythology, Madness, and Laughter. New York & London: Continuum.
Gelžinytė, Brigita, Sodeika Tomas (2015). «Post Metafizinės Ungrund principo prielaidos Schellingo laisvės filosofijoje.» Problemos, 88: 44-53.
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Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (2018). The Phenomenology of Spirit. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Heidegger, Martin (2008). Identity and Difference. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Heidegger, Martin (2015). Hegel. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Hyppolite, Jean (1997). Logic and Existence. Albany: State University Of New York Press.
Jaeger, Werner Wilhelm (2003). The theology of the early Greek philosophers: the Gifford lectures, 1936. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock Publishers.
Kirwan, Michael (2008). Political theology: a new introduction. London: Darton, Longman & Todd.
Kojève, Alexandre (1980). Introduction to the Reading of Hegel. Ithaca & New York: Cornell University Press.
Krichevskii, Andrei (2009). Obraz absolyuta v filosofii Gegelya i pozdnego Shellinga [The image of the absolute in the philosophy of Hegel and the late Schelling]. Moscow: IFRAN.
Lacoue-Labarthe, Philippe (1982). «Transcendence Ends in Politics.» Social Research, Vol. 49, № 2: 405–40.
Lauer, Quentin (1982). Hegel’s concept of God. Albany: State University Of New York Press.
Laughland, John (2016). Schelling versus Hegel. London: Routledge.
Lynch, Thomas (2019). Apocalyptic Political Theology. New York & London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Malabou, Catherine (2005). The future of Hegel: plasticity, temporality and dialectic. New York: Routledge.
McGrathMcgrath, Sean J. (2021). The philosophical foundations of the late Schelling: the turn to the positive. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Meier, Heinrich (2006). Leo Strauss and the Theologico-Political Problem. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Moynihan, Thomas (2019). Spinal catastrophism: a secret history. Falmouth: Urbanomic Media Ltd.
Nancy, Jean-Luc (2002). Hegel: the restlessness of the negative. Minneapolis & London: University of Minnesota Press.
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Patkul, Andrei (2014). «Faktichnost u F.W.J. Shellinga i E.G. Gusserlya» [Facticity in F.W.J. Schelling and E.G. Husserl]. Izvestiya Uralskogo federalnogo universiteta. Ser. 3, Obshchestvennye nauki, № 2 (128): 135-148.
Rancière, Jacques (2008). Disagreement: politics and philosophy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Rezvykh, Petr (2003). «Shelling v svete noveishikh issledovanii» [Schelling in the latest research]. Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Series: Filosofiya, № 4, 58-66.
Rezvykh, Petr (2006). «Shelling o “bozhestvennoi ironii”» [Schelling on “divine irony”]. Mirovoe derevo, № 12: 87-116.
Rezvykh, Petr (2010). «Filosofiya otkroveniya» [Philosophy of Revelation]. In Novaya filosofskaya ehntsiklopediya: v 4 t. [New Philosophical Encyclopedia: in 4 v.]. Vol. 4. Moscow: Mysl: 225-226.
Rezvykh, Petr (2018). Shelling i revolyutsiya: gosudarstvo kak sredstvo [Schelling and revolution: the state as a means]. YouTube, February 26, 2018. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nIaeuDFlIo.
Rohls, Jan (2019). «Schelling and protestant theology.» International Journal of Philosophy and Theology, 80(1-2): 8-22.
Rosen, Michael (2022). The Shadow of God. Cambridge & Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (1994). Stuttgart Seminars (1810). In Idealism and the Endgame of Theory: Three Essays by F.W.J. Schelling. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2000). The Ages of the World. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2006). Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2007). Historical-Critical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mythology. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2020). Philosophy of Revelation (1841–42) and Related Texts. Thompson, Connecticut: Spring Publications.
Schmitt, Carl (2004). On the Three Types of Juristic Thought. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publishers.
Schmitt, Carl (2005). Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Scott, Peter M., Cavanaugh William T. (2004). The Blackwell Companion to Political Theology. Malden & Oxford & Victoria, Australia: Blackwell Publishing.
Shanks, Andrew (1991). Hegel’s political theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Shurbelev, Aleksandr (2002). «Filosofskoe postizhenie very: pozdnii Shelling i khristianskoe otkrovenie» [Philosophical comprehension of faith: late Schelling and Christian revelation]. In Filosofiya otkroveniya, T. 2 [Philosophy of Revelation, Vol. 2]. Saint Petersburg: Nauka.
Vater, Michael (2017). «Ultimate Concern and Finitude: Schelling’s Philosophy of Religion and Paul Tillich’s Systematic Theology.» Philosophy and Theology, Vol. 29, № 2 (2017): 384-395.
Voegelin, Eric (1975). From Enlightenment to Revolution. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
Voegelin, Eric (1987). The New Science of Politics. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.
Wahl, Jean (2006). Neschastnoe soznanie v filosofii Gegelya [Unhappy consciousness in Hegel's philosophy]. Saint Petersburg: Vladimir Dal.
Wallace, Robert M. (2005). Hegel’s philosophy of reality, freedom, and God. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Williams, Robert R. (2017). Hegel on the proofs and the personhood of God: studies in Hegel’s logic and philosophy of religion. New York: Oxford University Press.
Woodard, Ben (2013). On an ungrounded Earth towards a new geophilosophy. New York: Punctum Books.
Woodard, Ben (2018). Schelling’s Naturalism. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Yerkes, James (1983). The Christology of Hegel. Albany: State University Of New York Press.
Žižek, Slavoj (2005). Interpassivnost. Zhelanie: vlechenie. Multikulturalizm [Interpassivity. Desire: attraction. Multiculturalism]. Saint Petersburg: Aleteiya.
Žižek, Slavoj (2006). The Parallax View. Cambridge & London: Mit Press.
Žižek, Slavoj (2007). The indivisible remainder: on Schelling and relatedmatters. New York & London: Verso.
Žižek, Slavoj (2008). Violence: Six Sideways Reflections. New York: Picador.
Žižek, Slavoj (2013). Less than nothing: Hegel and the shadow of dialectical materialism. New York & London: Verso.
Assman, Yan (2022). Politicheskaya teologiya mezhdu Egiptom i Izrailem [Political theology between Egypt and Israel]. Saint Petersburg: Vladimir Dal.
Bruff, Kyla (2021). «The Problem of the Organic State in F. W. J. Schelling’s Identity Philosophy.» Comenius-Jahrbuch, Vol.29: 107-134.
Buijs, Martijn (2016). «Theology, Ontotheology, and Eschatology in Schelling’s Late Thought.» The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, 30(3): 373-381.
Caputo, John D. (2013). The insistence of god: a theology of perhaps. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Corriero, Emilio Carlo (2021). The absolute and the event: Schelling after Heidegger. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Das, Saitya Brata Das (2016). Political Theology of Schelling. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Descombes, Vincent (1998). Modern French Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dews, Peter (2023). Schelling’s Late Philosophy in Confrontation with Hegel. New York: Oxford University Press.
Dorrien, Gary (2020). In a post-Hegelian spirit: philosophical theology as idealistic discontent. Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press.
Ehrhardt, Walter E. (1989). Schelling Leonbergensis Und Maximilian II. Von Bayern: Lehrstunden Der Philosophie. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog.
Faust, Michael (2013). Hegel: The Man Who Would Be God. Lulu Press.
Gabriel, Marcus (2011). Transcendental Ontology. New York: A&C Black.
Gabriel, Marcus, Žižek, Slavoj (2009). Mythology, Madness, and Laughter. New York & London: Continuum.
Gelžinytė, Brigita, Sodeika Tomas (2015). «Post Metafizinės Ungrund principo prielaidos Schellingo laisvės filosofijoje.» Problemos, 88: 44-53.
Grant, Iain Hamilton (2008). Philosophies of nature after Schelling. London: Continuum.
Habermas, Jürgen (1992). Postmetaphysical thinking: philosophical essays. Trans. William Mark Hohengarten. London: Mit Press.
Haijyeva, Vasila (2013). «Correlation between Philosophy and Politics: Complex Systems Approach to the Question.» In Proceedings of the 23rd World Congress of Philosophy (WCP 2013), Athens, Greece, August 4-10.
Hardt, Michael, Negri, Antonio (2000). Empire. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1991). Elements of the philosophy of right. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (2018). The Phenomenology of Spirit. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (2021). Lectures on the philosophy of religion: the lectures of 1827. Berkeley & Los Angeles & London: University of California Press.
Heidegger, Martin (2008). Identity and Difference. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Heidegger, Martin (2015). Hegel. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Hyppolite, Jean (1997). Logic and Existence. Albany: State University Of New York Press.
Jaeger, Werner Wilhelm (2003). The theology of the early Greek philosophers: the Gifford lectures, 1936. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock Publishers.
Kirwan, Michael (2008). Political theology: a new introduction. London: Darton, Longman & Todd.
Kojève, Alexandre (1980). Introduction to the Reading of Hegel. Ithaca & New York: Cornell University Press.
Krichevskii, Andrei (2009). Obraz absolyuta v filosofii Gegelya i pozdnego Shellinga [The image of the absolute in the philosophy of Hegel and the late Schelling]. Moscow: IFRAN.
Lacoue-Labarthe, Philippe (1982). «Transcendence Ends in Politics.» Social Research, Vol. 49, № 2: 405–40.
Lauer, Quentin (1982). Hegel’s concept of God. Albany: State University Of New York Press.
Laughland, John (2016). Schelling versus Hegel. London: Routledge.
Lynch, Thomas (2019). Apocalyptic Political Theology. New York & London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Malabou, Catherine (2005). The future of Hegel: plasticity, temporality and dialectic. New York: Routledge.
McGrathMcgrath, Sean J. (2021). The philosophical foundations of the late Schelling: the turn to the positive. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Meier, Heinrich (2006). Leo Strauss and the Theologico-Political Problem. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Moynihan, Thomas (2019). Spinal catastrophism: a secret history. Falmouth: Urbanomic Media Ltd.
Nancy, Jean-Luc (2002). Hegel: the restlessness of the negative. Minneapolis & London: University of Minnesota Press.
Neyrat, Frédéric (2018). The Unconstructable Earth: an Ecology of Separation. Trans. Drew S. Burk. New York: Fordham University Press.
Nietzsche, Friedrich (1967). The Will to Power. New York: Random House.
Patkul, Andrei (2014). «Faktichnost u F.W.J. Shellinga i E.G. Gusserlya» [Facticity in F.W.J. Schelling and E.G. Husserl]. Izvestiya Uralskogo federalnogo universiteta. Ser. 3, Obshchestvennye nauki, № 2 (128): 135-148.
Rancière, Jacques (2008). Disagreement: politics and philosophy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Rezvykh, Petr (2003). «Shelling v svete noveishikh issledovanii» [Schelling in the latest research]. Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Series: Filosofiya, № 4, 58-66.
Rezvykh, Petr (2006). «Shelling o “bozhestvennoi ironii”» [Schelling on “divine irony”]. Mirovoe derevo, № 12: 87-116.
Rezvykh, Petr (2010). «Filosofiya otkroveniya» [Philosophy of Revelation]. In Novaya filosofskaya ehntsiklopediya: v 4 t. [New Philosophical Encyclopedia: in 4 v.]. Vol. 4. Moscow: Mysl: 225-226.
Rezvykh, Petr (2018). Shelling i revolyutsiya: gosudarstvo kak sredstvo [Schelling and revolution: the state as a means]. YouTube, February 26, 2018. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nIaeuDFlIo.
Rohls, Jan (2019). «Schelling and protestant theology.» International Journal of Philosophy and Theology, 80(1-2): 8-22.
Rosen, Michael (2022). The Shadow of God. Cambridge & Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (1994). Stuttgart Seminars (1810). In Idealism and the Endgame of Theory: Three Essays by F.W.J. Schelling. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2000). The Ages of the World. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2006). Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2007). Historical-Critical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mythology. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (2020). Philosophy of Revelation (1841–42) and Related Texts. Thompson, Connecticut: Spring Publications.
Schmitt, Carl (2004). On the Three Types of Juristic Thought. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publishers.
Schmitt, Carl (2005). Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Scott, Peter M., Cavanaugh William T. (2004). The Blackwell Companion to Political Theology. Malden & Oxford & Victoria, Australia: Blackwell Publishing.
Shanks, Andrew (1991). Hegel’s political theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Shurbelev, Aleksandr (2002). «Filosofskoe postizhenie very: pozdnii Shelling i khristianskoe otkrovenie» [Philosophical comprehension of faith: late Schelling and Christian revelation]. In Filosofiya otkroveniya, T. 2 [Philosophy of Revelation, Vol. 2]. Saint Petersburg: Nauka.
Vater, Michael (2017). «Ultimate Concern and Finitude: Schelling’s Philosophy of Religion and Paul Tillich’s Systematic Theology.» Philosophy and Theology, Vol. 29, № 2 (2017): 384-395.
Voegelin, Eric (1975). From Enlightenment to Revolution. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
Voegelin, Eric (1987). The New Science of Politics. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.
Wahl, Jean (2006). Neschastnoe soznanie v filosofii Gegelya [Unhappy consciousness in Hegel's philosophy]. Saint Petersburg: Vladimir Dal.
Wallace, Robert M. (2005). Hegel’s philosophy of reality, freedom, and God. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Williams, Robert R. (2017). Hegel on the proofs and the personhood of God: studies in Hegel’s logic and philosophy of religion. New York: Oxford University Press.
Woodard, Ben (2013). On an ungrounded Earth towards a new geophilosophy. New York: Punctum Books.
Woodard, Ben (2018). Schelling’s Naturalism. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Yerkes, James (1983). The Christology of Hegel. Albany: State University Of New York Press.
Žižek, Slavoj (2005). Interpassivnost. Zhelanie: vlechenie. Multikulturalizm [Interpassivity. Desire: attraction. Multiculturalism]. Saint Petersburg: Aleteiya.
Žižek, Slavoj (2006). The Parallax View. Cambridge & London: Mit Press.
Žižek, Slavoj (2007). The indivisible remainder: on Schelling and relatedmatters. New York & London: Verso.
Žižek, Slavoj (2008). Violence: Six Sideways Reflections. New York: Picador.
Žižek, Slavoj (2013). Less than nothing: Hegel and the shadow of dialectical materialism. New York & London: Verso.
Опубликован
2023-12-31
Как цитировать
Мерзенина, А. (2023). Теология Гегеля и посттеология Шеллинга: начало и конец диалектического метода как политико-теологической парадигмы. Stasis, 11(1-2). извлечено от https://stasisjournal.net/index.php/journal/article/view/240
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