Строительство объективной жизни. Понятие деятельности у Павла Флоренского и Эвальда Ильенкова
Ключевые слова:
Флоренский, Ильенков, деятельность, труд, идеальное, реальность
Аннотация
Актуальные дискуссии в философии, посвященные поиску стратегий организации человеческой (и нечеловеческой) деятельности в реальности, альтернативной капиталистической, где была бы возможна свободная деятельность, а не «псевдоактивность» или радикальная пассивность вплоть до отказа от труда, позволяют вовлечь в диалог два контрастных способа концептуализации освобождающей деятельности. В фокусе статьи: «конкретный идеализм», или «сакральный материализм», Павла Флоренского и деятельностный подход Эвальда Ильенкова. Задача статьи состоит в том, чтобы увидеть философский потенциал двух различных программ российско-советской философии XX века — религиозной и марксистской, их современность в новых исторических условиях, антагонизм, но и взаимодополняемость на основе объединяющего элемента — понятия деятельности. В этих проектах деятельность осмысляется и одновременно оправдывается в контексте идеи коллективного неорганического тела, размыкания субъекта навстречу объекту или, как пишет Флоренский, «подъема над субъективностью», где реальность не изобретается, но добывается в литургической деятельности, культовой практике (Флоренский) или в труде (Ильенков). Такая деятельность не связана ни с потреблением, ни с наслаждением, ни с отчуждением, ни с инструментальностью: это два проекта деятельности, которые наполняют ее пафосом освобождения, даже превозмоганием конца истории.
Литература
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Bonetskaya, Natalia (2018). Mezhdu Logosom i Sofiey (Raboty raznykh let) [Between Logos and Sophia. Selected Works]. Moscow & Saint Petersburg: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ.
Bulgakov, Sergei (1903). Ot marksizma k idealizmu [From Marxism to Idealism]. Saint Petersburg: Tip. Tovarishchestvo Obshchestvennaya polza.
Bulgakov, Sergei (2008). Philosophy of economy: The world as household. New Haven: Yale University Press.
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Florensky, Pavel (1990). U vodorazdelov mysli [On the Watersheds of Thought]. Moscow: Izdatelstvo Pravda.
Florensky, Pavel (1993). Analiz prostranstvennosti i vremeni v khudozhestvenno‐izobrazitel'nykh proizvedeniyakh [A study of spatiality and time in works of visual
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Florensky, Pavel (2004). Filosofiya kulta (Opyt pravoslavnoy antropoditsei) [Philosophy of Cult: An Attempt at Orthodox Anthropodicy]. Moscow: Mysl.
Frantzen, Mikkel (2019). Going Nowhere, Slow: The Aesthetics and Politics of Depression. London: Zero Book.
Graeber, David (2018). Bullshit Jobs: A Theory. New York: Simon & Schuster.
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and Alexander Vvedensky]. Leningrad: Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo
Magun, Artemy (2014). Negativity in communism: ontology and politics. Социологическое обозрение, 13 (1): 9––25.
Maydanskiy, Andrey (2010). Realnost kak deyatelnost: ponyatie praktiki v sovetskoy filosofii. [Reality as Activity: The Concept of Practice in Soviet Philosophy]. http://caute.ru/am/text/realact.html
Milbank, John (2006). Theology and Social Theory: Beyond Secular Reason. Oxford: Blackwell.
Parshin, Alexei, Sedykh, Oksana, (2013). Pavel Aleksandrovich Florenskiy [Pavel Florensky]. Moscow: ROSSPEN.
Pavliuchenkov, Nikolai (2012). Religiozno‐filosofskoe nasledie Pavla Florenskogo. Antropologicheskiy aspekt [Pavel Florensky’s Religious and Philosophical Heritage in its Anthropological Aspect]. Moscow: Izdatelstvo Pravoslavnogo Svyato- Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta.
Pavliuchenkov, Nikolai (2020). “Platonizm i khristianstvo v filosofsko-bogoslovskom nasledii P.A. Florenskogo” [Platonism and Christianity in P.A. Florensky’s Philosophical and Theological Heritage]. Platonic Investigations 12, N 1 (2020): 236–257
Pavlyuchenkov, Nikolay (2014). “Perepiska P.A. Florenskogo i V.F. Erna“ [Correspondence Between Pavel Florensky and Vladimir Erl]. In Russkoe bogoslovie: issledovaniya i materialy. М.: PSTGU.
Pushchaev, Yuriy (2013). “Intervyu s igumenom Andronikom (Trubachevym)” [Interview with hegumen Andronik Trubachev]. Zhurnal Foma. https://foma.ru/ tvorchestvo-otcza-pavla-florenskogo-byilo-ukoreneno-v-pravoslavii.html
Sedykh, Oksana, Khamenkov, Maxim (2016). “Organoproektsiya: russkiy kontekst” [Organ Projections: Russian context]. Philosophy of Science and Technology 21, N 1 (2016): 132–151
Shaposhnikov, Lev (2006). Konservatizm, modernizm i novatorstvo v russkoy pravoslavnoy mysli XIX–XX vekov [Conservatism, modernism and innovation in Russian Religious Thought of the 19th and 20th centuries]. Saint Petersburg: Izdatelstvo Sankt- Peterburgskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta.
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Timofeeva, Oxana (2020). Spirituality Beyond Man: Toward a Labor Theory of the Soul. Rethinking Marxism, 32:1: 66––87.
Zizek, Slavoj (2008). For they know not what they do. London: Verso. Zizek, Slavoj (2008). Violence: Six Sideways Reflections. New York: Picador, Zizek, Slavoj (2017). In Defense of Lost Causes. London: Verso.
Berardi, Franco (2009). The soul at work: From alienation to autonomy. New York: Semiotext(e).
Berdyaev, Nicolas (1966). The Origin of Russian Communism. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Bibikhin, Vladimir (2006). Aleksey Fedorovich Losev. Sergey Sergeevich Averintsev [Aleksei Losev. Sergey Averintsev]. Moscow: Institut filosofii, teologii i istorii svyatogo Fomy.
Bonetskaya, Natalia (2018). Mezhdu Logosom i Sofiey (Raboty raznykh let) [Between Logos and Sophia. Selected Works]. Moscow & Saint Petersburg: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ.
Bulgakov, Sergei (1903). Ot marksizma k idealizmu [From Marxism to Idealism]. Saint Petersburg: Tip. Tovarishchestvo Obshchestvennaya polza.
Bulgakov, Sergei (2008). Philosophy of economy: The world as household. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Graeber, David (2018). Bullshit Jobs: A Theory. New York: Simon & Schuster. Evlampiev, Igor (2003). “Religioznyy idealizm S.N. Bulgakova: «za» i «protiv» [Sergei Bulgakov’s religious idealism: pro et contra]. In S.N. Bulgakov: pro et contra [S.N. Bulgakov: pro et contra]. Saint Petersburg: Russian Christian Academy for the Humanities Press.
Evtuhov, Catherine (1997). The Cross and the Sickle: Sergei Bulgakov and the Fate of Russian Religious Philosophy, 1890-1920. Ithaka: Cornell University Press.
Fisher, Mark (2009). Capitalist realism: Is there no alternative? Pennsylvania: John Hunt Publishing.
Florensky, Pavel (1990). U vodorazdelov mysli [On the Watersheds of Thought]. Moscow: Izdatelstvo Pravda.
Florensky, Pavel (1993). Analiz prostranstvennosti i vremeni v khudozhestvenno‐izobrazitel'nykh proizvedeniyakh [A study of spatiality and time in works of visual
art]. Moscow: Progress.
Florensky, Pavel (1994). “O tseli i smysle progressa“ [The Goal and Meaning of Progress]. In Sochineniya v chetyrekh tomakh, t. 1 [Collected Writings, Vol. 1]. Moscow: Mysl.
Florensky, Pavel (1996). Sochineniya v chetyrekh tomakh, t. 2 [Collected Writings, Vol.
2]. Moscow: Mysl.
Florensky, Pavel (2000a). U vodorazdelov mysli (Cherty konkretnoy metafiziki), t. 1 [On the Watersheds of Thought: Aspects of Concrete Metaphysics, Vol. 1]. Moscow: Mysl.
Florensky, Pavel (2000b). U vodorazdelov mysli (Cherty konkretnoy metafiziki), t. 2 [On the Watersheds of Thought: Aspects of Concrete Metaphysics, Vol. 2]. Moscow:
Mysl.
Florensky, Pavel (2004). Filosofiya kulta (Opyt pravoslavnoy antropoditsei) [Philosophy of Cult: An Attempt at Orthodox Anthropodicy]. Moscow: Mysl.
Frantzen, Mikkel (2019). Going Nowhere, Slow: The Aesthetics and Politics of Depression. London: Zero Book.
Graeber, David (2018). Bullshit Jobs: A Theory. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Hart, David Bentley (2004). The beauty of the infinite: The aesthetics of Christian truth. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
Ilyenkov, Evald (1983). S chego nachinaetsya lichnost [Where does the Person begin]. Moscow: Izdatelstvo politicheskoy literatury.
Ilyenkov, Evald (1991). Filosofiya i kultura [Philosophy and Culture]. Moscow: Politizdat.
Ilyenkov, Evald (2006). Ob idolakh i idealakh [On Idols and Ideals]. Kiiv: Chaskrok. Ilyenkov, Evald (2017). “Cosmology of the Spirit.” Stasis 5, N 2 (2017).
Ivanova, Evgenia (2004). Pavel Florenskiy i simvolisty. Opyty literaturnye. Stati. Perepiska [Pavel Florensky and the Symbolists. Essays, papers, letters]. Moscow: Yazyki slavyanskoy kultury.
Khoruzhiy, Sergey (1999). Mirosozertsanie Florenskogo. [Florensky’s Worldview] Tomsk: Izdatelstvo “Vodoley”.
Lektorsky, Vladislav (1999). E.V. Ilenkov: lichnost i tvorchestvo [Evald Ilyenkov: The Man and His Work]. Moscow: Yazyki russkoy kultury.
Lektorsky, Vladislav (2001). Deyatelnostnyy podkhod: smert ili vozrozhdenie [Activity Approach: Death or Rebirth?]. Problems of Philosophy, N 2 (2001): 13–16. Lobastov, Gennadiy (2017). Vokrug Pavla Florenskogo [Around Pavel Florensky]. Economic and Social Research, 16, N 4 (2017): 50–62
Lunacharsky, Anatoly (1926). Khristianstvo ili kommunizm. Disput s «mitropolitom» A. Vvedenskim [Christianity or Communism: A dispute between Anatoly Lunacharsky
and Alexander Vvedensky]. Leningrad: Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo
Magun, Artemy (2014). Negativity in communism: ontology and politics. Социологическое обозрение, 13 (1): 9––25.
Maydanskiy, Andrey (2010). Realnost kak deyatelnost: ponyatie praktiki v sovetskoy filosofii. [Reality as Activity: The Concept of Practice in Soviet Philosophy]. http://caute.ru/am/text/realact.html
Milbank, John (2006). Theology and Social Theory: Beyond Secular Reason. Oxford: Blackwell.
Parshin, Alexei, Sedykh, Oksana, (2013). Pavel Aleksandrovich Florenskiy [Pavel Florensky]. Moscow: ROSSPEN.
Pavliuchenkov, Nikolai (2012). Religiozno‐filosofskoe nasledie Pavla Florenskogo. Antropologicheskiy aspekt [Pavel Florensky’s Religious and Philosophical Heritage in its Anthropological Aspect]. Moscow: Izdatelstvo Pravoslavnogo Svyato- Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta.
Pavliuchenkov, Nikolai (2020). “Platonizm i khristianstvo v filosofsko-bogoslovskom nasledii P.A. Florenskogo” [Platonism and Christianity in P.A. Florensky’s Philosophical and Theological Heritage]. Platonic Investigations 12, N 1 (2020): 236–257
Pavlyuchenkov, Nikolay (2014). “Perepiska P.A. Florenskogo i V.F. Erna“ [Correspondence Between Pavel Florensky and Vladimir Erl]. In Russkoe bogoslovie: issledovaniya i materialy. М.: PSTGU.
Pushchaev, Yuriy (2013). “Intervyu s igumenom Andronikom (Trubachevym)” [Interview with hegumen Andronik Trubachev]. Zhurnal Foma. https://foma.ru/ tvorchestvo-otcza-pavla-florenskogo-byilo-ukoreneno-v-pravoslavii.html
Sedykh, Oksana, Khamenkov, Maxim (2016). “Organoproektsiya: russkiy kontekst” [Organ Projections: Russian context]. Philosophy of Science and Technology 21, N 1 (2016): 132–151
Shaposhnikov, Lev (2006). Konservatizm, modernizm i novatorstvo v russkoy pravoslavnoy mysli XIX–XX vekov [Conservatism, modernism and innovation in Russian Religious Thought of the 19th and 20th centuries]. Saint Petersburg: Izdatelstvo Sankt- Peterburgskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta.
Syutkin, Anton (2017). “Sovetskaya teoriya subekta: materialisticheskaya dialektika Ilenkova i Lifshitsa” [Soviet theory of subject: Мaterialist dialectics of Evald Ilyenkov and Mikhail Lifshits]. In Russkiy logos: gorizonty osmysleniya. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy filosofskoy konferentsii, T. 1 [Russian Logos: Horizons of Interpretation, Vol. 1], 284–292 . Saint Petersburg: RHGA.
Timofeeva, Oxana (2020). Spirituality Beyond Man: Toward a Labor Theory of the Soul. Rethinking Marxism, 32:1: 66––87.
Zizek, Slavoj (2008). For they know not what they do. London: Verso. Zizek, Slavoj (2008). Violence: Six Sideways Reflections. New York: Picador, Zizek, Slavoj (2017). In Defense of Lost Causes. London: Verso.
Опубликован
2023-01-30
Как цитировать
Попова, Ю. (2023). Строительство объективной жизни. Понятие деятельности у Павла Флоренского и Эвальда Ильенкова. Stasis, 14(2). извлечено от https://stasisjournal.net/index.php/journal/article/view/223
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